Sudden and Gradual

Book

This volume examines the historical basis of the debate over sudden versus gradual approaches to enlightenment in Chinese Buddhism, seeing it as part of a recurrent polarity in Chinese history and thought. Sudden and Gradual includes essays by Luis O. Gómez on the philosophical implications of the debate in China and Tibet, Whalen Lai on Taodheng's theory of sudden enlightenment, Neal Donner on Chih-i's system of T'ien-t'ai, John R. McRae on Shen-Hui's sudden enlightenment and its precedents in Northern Ch'an, and Peter N. Gregory on Tsung-mi's theory of sudden enlightenment. (Source: Motilal Banarsidass)

Citation	Gregory, Peter N., ed. Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought. Buddhist Tradition Series 16. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1991. First published 1987 by University of Hawai'i Press. https://terebess.hu/zen/Sudden-and-Gradual-Enlightenment.pdf.

Forewordv
Acknowledgmentsix
Abbreviationsxi

Introduction1
- Peter N. Gregory
  - - - I . The Sudden and Gradual Debates
The Mirror of the Mind13
- Paul Demiéville

Sudden Illumination or Simultaneous Comprehension: Remarks on Chinese and Tibetan Terminology41
- R. A. Stein

Purifying Gold: The Metaphor of Effort and Intuition in Buddhist Thought and Practice67
- Luis O. Gomez

- - - - II. Sudden and Gradual Enlightenment in Chinese Buddhism
Tao-sheng’s Theory of Sudden Enlightenment Re-examined169
- Whalen Lai

Sudden and Gradual Intimately Conjoined: Chih-i’s T ’ien-t’ai

- Neal Donner

Shen-hui and the Teaching o f Sudden Enlightenment in Early Ch’an Buddhism227
- John R. McRae

Sudden Enlightenment Followed by Gradual Cultivation: Tsung-mi’s Analysis of Mind279
- Peter N . Gregory

The "Short-cut" Approach o f K'an-hua Meditation: The Evolution of a Practical Subitism in Chinese Ch'an Buddhism321
- Robert E . Buswell, Jr.

- - - - III. Analogies in the Cultural Sphere
The Sudden and the Gradual in Chinese Poetry Criticism: An Examination of the Ch’an-Poetry Analogy381
- Richard John Lynn

Tung Ch’i-ch'ang's "Southern and Northern Schools" in the History and Theory of Painting: A Reconsideration429
- James Cahill

Afterword by Tu Wei-ming447
Contributors457
Index461