The Philosophy of Buddhism

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**{{i|AC. Questions which the Buddha did not answer|10}}
**{{i|AC. Questions which the Buddha did not answer|10}}
***{{i|ACA. Ānanda [Saṃyutta Nikāya 44, 10]|10}}
***{{i|ACA. Ānanda [Saṃyutta Nikāya 44, 10]|10}}
***{{i|ACB. The Sūtra of Vatsagotra and the Fire (Aggivacchagottasuttanta) [Majjhimanikāya Sutta 72]|11}}
***{{i|ACB. The Sūtra of Vatsagotra and the Fire (Aggivacchagottasuttanta)<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[Majjhimanikāya Sutta 72]|11}}
***{{i|ACC. The Sūtra of the Bearer of the Burden (Bhārahārasūtra)|15}}
***{{i|ACC. The Sūtra of the Bearer of the Burden (Bhārahārasūtra)|15}}
**{{i|AD. The tenet of dependent origination|16}}
**{{i|AD. The tenet of dependent origination|16}}
***{{i|ADA. The Account of Enlightenment (Bodhikathā; Mahāvagga I, 1)|17}}
***{{i|ADA. The Account of Enlightenment (Bodhikathā; Mahāvagga I, 1)|17}}
***{{i|ADB. The Great Sūtra of the Foundations of Origination (Mahānidānsuttanta; Dıghanikāya XV)|18}}
***{{i|ADB. The Great Sūtra of the Foundations of Origination<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(Mahānidānsuttanta; Dıghanikāya XV)|18}}
***{{i|ADC. The Sūtra of Dependent Origination (Pratītyasamutpādasūtra)|24}}
***{{i|ADC. The Sūtra of Dependent Origination (Pratītyasamutpādasūtra)|24}}
***{{i|ADD. From Vasubandhu’s "Commentary to the Sūtra of Dependent Origination" (Pratītyasamutpādavyākhyā)|26}}
***{{i|ADD. From Vasubandhu’s "Commentary to the Sūtra of Dependent<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Origination" (Pratītyasamutpādavyākhyā)|26}}
***{{i|ADE. The Sūtra of the young Rice plant (Śālistambasūtra)|29}}
***{{i|ADE. The Sūtra of the young Rice plant (Śālistambasūtra)|29}}
*{{i|B. The Dogmatics (Abhidharma) of the Hīnayāna|36}}
*{{i|B. The Dogmatics (Abhidharma) of the Hīnayāna|36}}
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*****{{i|BBA.1.1. From "The Questions of Menandros"(Milindapañhā)|39}}
*****{{i|BBA.1.1. From "The Questions of Menandros"(Milindapañhā)|39}}
*****{{i|BBA.1.2. Vasubandhu the Younger (ca. 400-480 C.E.)|46}}
*****{{i|BBA.1.2. Vasubandhu the Younger (ca. 400-480 C.E.)|46}}
******{{i|BBA.1.2.1. A soul does not exist (Abhidharmakośa III, v. 18-24)|47}}
******{{i|BBA.1.2.1. A soul does not exist (Abhidharmakośa III,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;v. 18-24)|47}}
******{{i|BBA.1.2.2. From "Refutation of the Person" (Pudgalapratiṣedhaprakaraṇa)|52}}
******{{i|BBA.1.2.2. From "Refutation of the Person" <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(Pudgalapratiṣedhaprakaraṇa)|52}}
****{{i|BBA.2. General views associated with the doctrine of the denial of a soul|58}}
****{{i|BBA.2. General views associated with the doctrine of<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the denial of a soul|58}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1. First general view: All entities lack a solid permanent core|58}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1. First general view: All entities lack a solid permanent<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;core|58}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1.1. (A) Discussion of this first general view in the field of material elements|59}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1.1. (A) Discussion of this first general view in the field<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;of material elements|59}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1.2. (B) Discussion of this first general view in the field of psychology|60}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1.2. (B) Discussion of this first general view in the field<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;of psychology|60}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1.3. A substance does not exist (Abhidharmakośa III, ad v. 100)|61}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.1.3. A substance does not exist (Abhidharmakośa III,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ad v. 100)|61}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.2. Second general view: The momentariness of all things|62}}
*****{{i|BBA.2.2. Second general view: The momentariness of all things|62}}
******{{i|BBA.2.2.1. The momentariness of entities (Abhidharmakośa IV, v. 2-3)|64}}
******{{i|BBA.2.2.1. The momentariness of entities (Abhidharmakośa<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;IV, v. 2-3)|64}}
***{{i|BBB. The fundamental concepts|67}}
***{{i|BBB. The fundamental concepts|67}}
****{{i|BBB.1. The Dogmatics of the Sarvāstivāda|67}}
****{{i|BBB.1. The Dogmatics of the Sarvāstivāda|67}}
*****{{i|BBB.1.1. From the "Treatise on the Five Aggregates" (Pañcaskandhaka)|68}}
*****{{i|BBB.1.1. From the "Treatise on the Five Aggregates"<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(Pañcaskandhaka)|68}}
****{{i|BBB.2. The Dogmatics of the Sautrāntika|73}}
****{{i|BBB.2. The Dogmatics of the Sautrāntika|73}}
*****{{i|BBB.2.1. The seemingly and the truly real (Abhidharmakośa VI, verse 4)|75}}
*****{{i|BBB.2.1. The seemingly and the truly real (Abhidharmakośa VI,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;verse 4)|75}}
*****{{i|BBB.2.2. The nature of acquisition (Abhidharmakośa, II, verse 36)|76}}
*****{{i|BBB.2.2. The nature of acquisition (Abhidharmakośa, II,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;verse 36)|76}}
***{{i|BBC. The doctrine of liberation of the Hīnayāna|78}}
***{{i|BBC. The doctrine of liberation of the Hīnayāna|78}}
****{{i|BBC.1. Suppression through knowledge (Abhidharmakośa, I, verse 6)|81}}
****{{i|BBC.1. Suppression through knowledge (Abhidharmakośa, I,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;verse 6)|81}}
****{{i|BBC.2. Nirvāṇa as non-existence (Abhidharmakośa II, verse 55)|82}}
****{{i|BBC.2. Nirvāṇa as non-existence (Abhidharmakośa II, verse 55)|82}}
****{{i|BBC.3. From "Establishment of the Truth" (Tattvasiddhi)|84}}
****{{i|BBC.3. From "Establishment of the Truth" (Tattvasiddhi)|84}}
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**{{i|CA. Main elements in the development of the Mahāyāna|89}}
**{{i|CA. Main elements in the development of the Mahāyāna|89}}
***{{i|CAA. The new goal of liberation|89}}
***{{i|CAA. The new goal of liberation|89}}
***{{i|CAB. The philosophical doctrine of a highest being and of the unreality of the phenomenal world|89}}
***{{i|CAB. The philosophical doctrine of a highest being and of the<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unreality of the phenomenal world|89}}
***{{i|CAC. The new buddhology|90}}
***{{i|CAC. The new buddhology|90}}
**{{i|CB. The beginnings of the Mahāyāna|90}}
**{{i|CB. The beginnings of the Mahāyāna|90}}
**{{i|CC. The oldest literary documentation of the Mahāyāna|91}}
**{{i|CC. The oldest literary documentation of the Mahāyāna|91}}
***{{i|CCA. The Prajñāpāramitā literature and its philosophical doctrines|91}}
***{{i|CCA. The Prajñāpāramitā literature and its philosophical doctrines|91}}
****{{i|CCA.1. Central philosophical thought: the concept of a highest being|92}}
****{{i|CCA.1. Central philosophical thought: the concept of a highest<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;being|92}}
****{{i|CCA.2. The unreality of the phenomenal world and its relationship to the highest being|93}}
****{{i|CCA.2. The unreality of the phenomenal world and its relationship<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to the highest being|93}}
****{{i|CCA.3. From the "Perfection of Insight in Eight Thousand Lines" (Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā)|94}}
****{{i|CCA.
CCB. From the “Jewel Heap” (RatnakÒ˛a).............................................................................
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Latest revision as of 19:28, 15 September 2020

The Philosophy of Buddhism
Book
Book

The translation of Erich Frauwallner's Die Philosophie des Buddhismus, first published in 1956, opens up a classic introduction to Buddhist thought to a broader English language readership. The book covers the period of early canonical literature with examples of its philosophically relevant ideas, followed by the principal philosophical concepts of systematic Sravakayana Buddhism. In the main part of the book, Frauwallner presents the first survey of the development of the philosophical systems of Mahayana Buddhism. He was well aware of the limitations in presenting only the Buddhist philosophy of the "classical", i.e., the systematic period, and does not seem to have been ready to add the philosophically creative new postsystematic tradition of Buddhist epistemology and logic, a major subject of his subsequent years of research.

Frauwallner's way of translating was straightforward: to remain as close as possible to the original text while presenting it in a clear and readable way in order to convey an accurate impression of its meaning. For technical terms in the source materials he maintained a single translation even when various meanings were suggested. For clarity regarding such variations of meaning he relied on the context and his explanation.

The same approach was taken by the translator of the present book. Although his translation attempts to be faithful to the 1994 edition of Die Philosophie des Buddhismus, he inserted helpful additional headlines into the text and considerably enlarged the index. All other additions by the translator are given within square brackets. Besides this, he created an Appendix, which contains one of Frauwallner's more important articles "Amalavijnana and Alayavijnana" (1951) to complement the long Yogacara section of the book, a bibliography of selective publications after 1969. The URLs for many of the source materials were also conveniently provided. (Source: Motilal Banarsidass)

Citation Frauwallner, Erich. The Philosophy of Buddhism (Die Philosophie des Buddhismus). Translated by Gelong Lodrö Sangpo with the assistance of Jigme Sheldrön, under the supervision of Ernst Steinkellner. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2010. Originally published 1956 by Akademie Verlag as Die Philosophie des Buddhismus (Berlin).