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|title=Contemporary Masters on Buddha-Nature
|title=The Living Tradition: <br>
Contemporary Expressions of Buddha-Nature
|image=File:Maitreya teaching in Tushita.jpg
|image=File:Maitreya teaching in Tushita.jpg
|imagePosition=left
|imagePosition=left
|description=Some examples of contemporary Buddhist teachers discussing buddha-nature
|description=The teachings of buddha-nature have a long and storied history. However, that is not to say that it is an idea which is merely consigned to the past. It is not something that Buddhists once believed but have since abandoned for new paradigms of how one might now, in our modern times, progress along the path. Rather, buddha-nature remains a key feature of many of the Buddhist traditions that exist today. It is at once an essential pedagogical device, utilized to inform us of our inherent potential for enlightenment, and the very the substrate upon which the path to enlightenment is traversed. Thus, for those Buddhist traditions that have embraced the notion of buddha-nature, it is simultaneously a tool and a truth, which remains as practical and relevant to modern seekers as it was to those who lived in the distant past.
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<h2>From the Masters</h2>
<h2>From the Masters</h2>


{{CommentatorSeparator|Maitrīpa}}
{{CommentatorSeparator|Dilgo Khyentse Tashi Paljor||https://commons.tsadra.org/images/7/79/HH_Dilgo_Khyentse_Rinpoche_displaying_the_vitarka_mudr%C4%81,_1976,_SeaTac_Airport,_Seattle,_Washington,_USA.jpg}}


                {{Blockquote
{{Blockquote
|In the first verse of his Tattavadaśaka, he states:</em>
|As you progress through these three steps, spiritual qualities will naturally arise, and you will see the truth of the teachings. Those qualities will bloom spontaneously because the buddha nature within you is being revealed. The buddha nature, or tathagatagarbha, is present in all beings, but is hidden by obscurations, in the same way that buried gold is hidden by the earth under which it lies. As you listen to, reflect, and meditate on the Dharma, all the inherent qualities of your buddha nature will be actualized.
::सदसद्योगहीनायै तथतायै नमो नमः।<br>अनाविला यतः सैव बोधतो बोधिरूपिणी॥१॥
|[[Khyentse, Dilgo]]. ''[[The Heart of Compassion: Instructions on Ngulchu Thogme's Thirty-Sevenfold Practice of a Bodhisattva]]''. Translated by [[Matthieu Ricard]] and edited by [[John Canti]] ([[Padmakara Translation Group]]). New Delhi: Shechen Publications, 2006, p. 58.
::<em>Homage to you, suchness,<br>Which has no association with existence and non-existence,<br>Because, [when] stainless, this very [suchness]<br>Has the form of enlightenment in virtue of realization.
                        |Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. ''A Fine Blend of Mahāmudra and Madhyamaka: Maitrīpa's Collection of Texts on Non-Conceptual Realization (Amanasikāra)''. Wien: Österreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, 2015: p. 211.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Dudjom Jikdral Yeshe Dorje}}


{{CommentatorSeparator|Gampopa}}
                {{Blockquote
|As told by Gö Lotsāwa Zhönu Pal:</em>
:དེ་ཡང་དྭགས་པོ་རིན་པོ་ཆེས་དཔལ་ཕག་མོ་གྲུ་པ་ལ། འོ་སྐོལ་གྱི་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་འདིའི་གཞུང་ནི་བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་བྱམས་པས་མཛད་པའི་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་རྒྱུད་བླ་མའི་བསྟན་བཅོས་འདི་ཡིན་ཞེས་གསུངས་ཤིང་། དཔལ་ཕག་མོ་གྲུ་པས་ཀྱང་རྗེ་འབྲི་ཁུང་པ་ལ་དེ་སྐད་དུ་གསུངས་པས། རྗེ་འབྲི་ཁུང་པ་དཔོན་སློབ་ཀྱི་གསུང་རབ་རྣམས་སུ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་རྒྱུད་བླ་མའི་བཤད་པ་མང་དུ་འབྱུང་བ་དེ་ཡིན་ནོ།
:<em>Moreover, Dagpo Rinpoché (Gampopa) said to Pagmo Drupa:<br>"The basic text of this mahāmudrā of ours is the Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra (Ratnagotravibhāga) by Venerable Maitreya." Pagmo Drupa in turn said the same thing to Jé Drigungpa (Rje 'Bri gung pa), and for this reason many explanations of the Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra are found in the works of Jé Drigungpa and his disciples.
                        |[['gos lo tsA ba gzhon nu dpal]]. Deb ther sngon po. Chengdu: Si khron mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 1984: Vol. 2, p. 847.<br>
-Translation from Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. ''A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Go Lotsāwa's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga''. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2008: pp. 34-35.
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{{Blockquote
{{Blockquote
|As quoted by Śākya Chokden:</em>
|In the mind of everyone, of every living, sentient being, there is a fundamental nature or ground, the so-called ''sugatagarbha''. This is the seed of Samantabhadra, the seed of buddhahood. Although this is something we all have, we do not recognize it. It is unknown to us. This ground, which is our spontaneous awareness, has been with us "from the beginning." It is like a mirror. When someone with a happy face looks in a mirror, the reflection of a happy face appears. When someone with a sad face looks into it, a sad face appears. The primordial ground is just like a mirror.<br>{{6nbsp}}The reflection of a person with a happy face looking into a perfectly clear mirror, the primordial ground, is like Samantabhadra, who awoke to his ultimate nature. Samantabhadra, it is said, "captured the citadel of the primordial ground, awoke, recognized his own nature, and was free." But we ordinary beings fail to recognize this nature, the mirrorlike primordial ground. For us, the situation is like someone with a downcast face looking into the mirror: a sad reflection appears!
:དེ་ཡང་སྒམ་པོ་པས་གསུངས་པ། ང་ཡི་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་ཡི། ངོས་འཛིན་རང་གི་རིག་པ་སྟེ། གཞུང་ནི་རྒྱུད་བླའི་བསྟན་བཅོས་ཞེས།
|[[Dudjom Rinpoche]] (bdud 'joms 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje). ''[[Counsels from My Heart]]''. Translated by [[Wulstan Fletcher]] and [[Helena Blankleder]] ([[Padmakara Translation Group]]). Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2003, pp. 17–18.
:<em>In that regard Gampopa says, “the hallmark of my Mahāmudrā is self-awareness and its scriptural source is the ''Uttaratantraśāstra''.
                        |shAkya mchog ldan. phyag rgya chen po gsal bar byed pa'i bstan bcos tshangs pa'i 'khor los gzhan blo'i dregs pa nyams byed. In gser mdog paN chen shAkya mchog ldan gyi gsung 'bum. rdzong sar: rdzong sar khams bye'i slob gling thub bstan dar rgyas gling, 2006-2007: Vol. 17, p. 443.<br> -Translation adapted from David Higgins and Martina Draszczyk. ''Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way: Post-Classical Kagyü Discourses on Mind, Emptiness and Buddha-Nature''. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2016: Vol. 2, p. 17.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Layakpa Jangchub Ngödrup}}
{{CommentatorSeparator|Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche}}


                {{Blockquote
{{Blockquote
|In his commentary on his teacher Gampopa's famous instruction known as the Four Dharmas, Layakpa states:</em>
|When you have completely accomplished the shamatha-vipashyana practice, you have a sense of reward. You experience joy in the possibility of buddha nature, but you may still feel skeptical. Although you begin to feel that buddha nature is a possibility, you think the whole thing may be a hoax. You begin to doubt the teachings. The idea that you already have a built-in buddha in you is something that you cannot quite imagine. It seems to be too good to be true, and you begin to feel that maybe it is not true. You think that the whole thing may be a big put-on, a big joke, a lie.<br>{{6nbsp}}The birth of mahayana spirit begins with a combination of distrust and the possibility of good news. It is a very powerful emotional experience, a sweet-sour feeling. That quality of joy and delight is wisdom, or jnana, and the doubt or distrust is compassion. Doubt and compassion are both very direct. Compassion is somewhat more spacious, but the pain of doubt and compassion is the same. There is a sense of something touching your heart, and it is painful.<br>{{6nbsp}}At this point, you have the possibility of wisdom and compassion, but they are not completely finalized. It is like a fetus whose limbs are not quite formed. It is as though you are pregnant with buddha nature: you realize that something is happening even before the baby begins to kick. However, this pregnancy is different from ordinary pregnancy. Unlike a fetus, buddha nature is not a foreign body, it is a part of your whole being. You cannot have an abortion because it is too powerful to get rid of. You have to accept the whole thing.
:སེམས་ཅན་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་རྒྱུད་ལ་དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོ་གང་སེམས་ཉིད་རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་འོད་གསལ་བ་སྐྱེ་འགག་མེད་ཅིང་སྤྲོས་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཉེར་བར་ཞི་བ། སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་བསམ་གྱིས་མི་ཁྱབ་པ་རྣམས་དང་མ་བྲལ་བའི་ཡེ་ཤེས་ཅན་ཡིན་
|[[Trungpa, Chögyam]], and [[Judith L. Lief]]. ''The Profound Treasury of the Ocean of Dharma''. Vol. 2, ''[[The Bodhisattva Path of Wisdom and Compassion]]''. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2013, pp. 22–23.
:<em>Buddha nature in the mind-streams of all sentient beings is mind as such, natural luminosity, free from any arising and ceasing, and is the complete pacification of all proliferations. [Thus beings] are endowed with wisdom that is inseparable from inconceivable buddha-qualities.<br>
[...]<br></em>
:གང་དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོའམ །ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས་པའི་ཡེ་ཤེས་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་སེམས་ཉིད་རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་འོད་གསལ་ཞིང་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་
:<em>That which is called “buddha nature” (tathāgatagarbha) or coemergent wisdom (sahajajñāna) is mind as such (sems nyid), which is naturally luminous and utterly pure.
                        |La yag pa byang chub dngos grub. mnyam med dwags po'i chos bzhir grags pa'i gzhung gi 'grel pa snying po gsal ba'i rgyan: a detailed study on sgam po pa's chos bzhi presentation of fundamental buddhist practice. Bir: D. Tsondu Senghe, 1978: p.189 and 210.<br>-David Higgins and Martina Draszczyk. ''Buddha Nature Reconsidered: The Eighth Karma pa's Middle Path''. Vol. 1: Introduction and Analysis. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2019: p. 51.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche}}


{{CommentatorSeparator|Jikten Gönpo}}
{{Blockquote
 
|If you believe there is a thing called mind, it is just a thought. If you believe there is no thing called mind, it’s just another thought. Your natural state, free of any kind of thought about it—that is buddha-nature. In ordinary sentient beings, this natural state is carried away by thinking, caught up in thought. Involvement in thinking is like a heavy chain that weighs you down. Now it is time to be free from that chain. The moment you shatter the chain of thinking, you are free from the three realms of samsara.<br>
                {{Blockquote
[...]<br>
|In his Chos kyi 'khor lo legs par gtan la phab pa he states:</em>
Our enlightened essence, the buddha-nature, is like the sun itself, present as our very nature. Its reflection can be compared to our thoughts—all our plans, our memories, our attachments, our anger, our closed-mindedness, and so on. One thought aris­es after the other, one movement of mind occurs after the other, just like one reflection after another appears. If you control this one sun in the sky, don’t you automatically control all its reflec­tions in various ponds of water in the whole world? Why pay attention to all the different reflections? Instead of circling end­lessly in samsara, recognise the one sun. If you recognise the nature of your mind, the buddha-nature, that is sufficient.
:ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་ཐེག་ཆེན་བླ་མའི་རྒྱུད། འདི་ཡི་ཁྲིད་ལ་འབད་པས་ནན་ཏན་བྱས།
|[[Urgyen Rinpoche, Tulku]]. [https://www.lionsroar.com/existence-nonexistence-teachings-on-dzogchen/ "Existence and Nonexistence: Teachings on Dzogchen."] ''Lion's Roar Magazine'', March 1, 2000.  
:<em>Mahāmudrā is [taught on the basis of] the Mahāyānottaratantra [Ratnagotravibhāga]. Great effort was taken to explain the latter...
                        |'Jig rten mgon po. ''Chos kyi 'khor lo legs par gtan la phab pa theg pa chen po'i tshul 'ong ges zhus pa''. Dehra Dun: Drikung Kagyu Institute, 1998: p. 15.<br>-Mathes, Klaus-Dieter. A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Go Lotsāwa's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism. Boston:Wisdom Publications, 2008: p. 41.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Third Karmapa Rangjung Dorje}}
{{CommentatorSeparator|Lama Tharchin Rinpoche}}
 
                {{Blockquote
{{Blockquote
|In his The Treatise on Pointing Out the Tathāgata Heart, the Third Karmapa states:</em>
|We are sentient beings. This means that our mind's fundamentally confused. Still at the essence level, we are buddhas because our essence is the buddha-nature which is always free of causes and conditions. Our buddha-nature can never be dissected into many parts and it cannot be said to be singular. It is beyond singularity and plurality. It is uncompounded like the sky and never changes. Therefore, there is no way for suffering to arise within the experience of the buddha-nature.<br>
::།ཐ་མལ་ཤེས་པ་དེ་ཉིད་ལ།<br>།ཆོས་དབྱིངས་རྒྱལ་བའི་སྙིང་པོ་ཟེར།<br>།བཟང་དུ་འཕགས་པས་བཏང་བ་མེད།<br>།ངན་དུ་སེམས་ཅན་གྱིས་མ་བཏང་།<br>།ཐ་སྙད་དུ་མ་བརྗོད་མོད་ཀྱང།<br>།རྗོད་པས་དེ་ཡི་དོན་མི་ཤེས།<br>
[...]<br>
::<em>Just this ordinary mind<br>Is called "dharmadhātu" and "Heart of the victors."<br>It is neither to be improved by the noble ones<br>Nor made worse by sentient beings.<br>It may no doubt be expressed through many conventional terms,<br>But its actual reality is not understood through expressions.
The solution is to realize our buddha-nature, the esence of our mind, the undeluded state that never leaves us even for a single moment. But, even though we can understand that this is the solution, we still have a problem because our confused mind cannot recognize our buddha-nature. And why is that? It's simply because confused mind doesn't believe in buddha-nature. It believes in itself, in its own power, and in the power of circumstances. If it tries to see the buddha-nature, it says ''do it this way, don't do it that way; this is right, this is wrong''. Using this approach, no matter how hard confused mind tries to see the buddha-nature, it never will because it is fundamentally confused and deluded. Of course, confused mind can create temporary happiness and success but that will, sooner or later, become suffering. So, to solve the problem, what must be identified, one way or the other, is the unchangeable, uncompounded buddha-nature, the essence of deluded mind.
                        |rang byung rdo rje, (Karmapa, 3rd). de bzhin gshegs pa'i snying po bstan pa'i bstan bcos. In gsung 'bum rang byung rdo rje. Zi ling: mtshur phu mkhan po lo yag bkra shis, 2006: Vol. 7, p. 285.<br>-Translation from Karmapa, The Third, Rang byung rdo rje. ''Luminous Heart: The Third Karmapa on Consciousness, Wisdom, and Buddha Nature''. Translated by Karl Brunnhölzl. Nitartha Institute Series. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2009: pp. 354-355.
|[[Tharchin, Lama]]. "[[Guru Yoga in the Foundational Practices]]." Translated by [[Lama Ngawang Zangpo]]. Austin, Texas, 2009.
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              {{Blockquote
|In Jamgön Kongtrul's Treasury of Knowledge he references the Third Karmapa from unknown source, claiming:</em>
:རང་བྱུང་ཞབས་ཀྱིས།<br>
::།གནས་ལུགས་སྤྲོས་བྲལ་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་ནི།<br>།རྣམ་རྟོག་སྤྲོས་པའི་མཚན་མ་ཀུན་གྱིས་སྟོང།<br>།གསལ་ལ་འཛིན་མེད་དག་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ཏེ།<br>།དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོ་ཞེས་ཀྱང་བྱ།
:<em>Venerable Rangjung [Dorje] states:


::The basic nature free from reference points, Mahāmudrā,<br>Is empty of all characteristics of the reference points of thoughts.<br>This pure nature, lucid and yet without grasping,<br>Is also called "the tathāgata heart."
{{CommentatorSeparator|Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche}}
                        |'Jam mgon kong sprul. Shes bya kun khyab. Pe cin: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 1982: Vol. 3, p. 378.<br>-Brunnhölzl, Karl. ''When the Clouds Part: The Uttaratantra and its Meditative Tradition as a Bridge between Sūtra and Tantra''. Boston: Snow Lion Publications, an imprint of Shambhala Publications, 2015: p. 154.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Gö Lotsāwa Zhönu Pal}}
{{Blockquote
 
|One should first recognize the Buddha-Nature, then train in it, and finally attain stability. In order to recognize the Buddha-Nature, we must identify exactly what is preventing us from realizing it now and what needs to be cleared away - all the passing stains of confusion. Where did these passing stains come from? The ground itself, the Buddha-Nature, is without impurity or confusion, but the temporary defilements, the stains of confusion, result from not having recognized the state of the ground.
              {{Blockquote
|Ray, Reginald A. ''The Tibetan Buddhism Reader''. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2004, p. 128.
|Gö Lotsāwa on the origins of the Tibetan exegesis of the Ratnagotravibhāga:</em><br><br>
 
:With regard to the [Maitreya works], three among the works of the Illustrious Maitreya, [namely] the ''Abhisamayālaṁkāra'', the ''Mahāyānasūtrālaṁkāra'', and the ''Madhyāntavibhāga'', were translated by the translators Paltseg (Dpal brtsegs), Yeshé Dé (Ye shes sde), and others during the first period of the spread of the doctrine [in Tibet]. As for the [remaining] two, the ''[Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyāna-]Uttaratantra[śāstra]'' and the ''Dharmadharmatāvibhāga'' together with its commentary, Lord Maitrīpa saw light shining from a crack in a ''stūpa'' and, wondering what the source of the light was, tried to determine it. As a consequence, he obtained the texts of the two treatises. He rejoiced [in them] and prayed to the venerable [Maitreya], whereupon he arrived—directly visible in an opening between clouds—and duly bestowed [on Maitrīpa] the "oral transmission" (''lung'') [of both texts]. Thus it is known.
 
:Then he who is called Paṇḍita Ānandakīrti heard [the teaching of both texts] from Lord Maitrīpa and carried the texts to Kashmir disguised as a beggar. Upon his arrival, the great paṇḍita Sajjana recognized him as a scholar and invited him to his home. [Sajjana] listened to [the teaching of] both treatises and copied the texts. The great translator Loden Sherab heard them [from Sajjana], translated them in Śrīnagar in Kashmir, and composed an extensive explanation in Tibet.
 
:Also, the [well-] known Tsen Kawoché, a disciple of Drapa Ngönshé, came with the great translator (i.e., Ngog Loden Sherab) to Kashmir. He requested Sajjana to bestow on him [the Maitreya works] along with special instructions, since he wanted to make the works of the Illustrious Maitreya his "practice [of preparing] for death" (''<nowiki>'</nowiki>chi chos''). Thereupon [Sajjana] taught all five works, with Lotsāwa Zu Gawa Dorjé serving as translator. He also gave special instructions with regard to the ''Uttaratantra'' in the due way, and back in Tibet, Tsen explained it to numerous [spiritual friends] in Ü and Tsang. The translator Zu Gawa Dorjé wrote a commentary on the ''Uttaratantra'' in accordance with the teaching of Sajjana, and translated the ''[Dharma]dharmatāvibhāga'', both root-text and commentary. Thus neither the ''Uttara[tantra]'' nor the ''[Dharma]dharmatāvibhāga'' was spread in India before the time of Lord Maitrīpa. Neither is found in the great treatises such as the ''Abhisamayālaṁkārāloka'', not even "a single phrase of them" (''zur tsam'').<em>
                        |Klaus-Dieter Mathes. ''A Direct Path to the Buddha Within: Go Lotsāwa's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga''. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism. Boston:Wisdom Publications, 2008: pp. 161-163.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Śākya Chokden}}
 
              {{Blockquote
|In the opening lines of his Undermining the Haughtiness of Others by the Wheel of Brahma: A Treatise Clarifying Mahāmudrā Śākya Chokden states:</em>
::རང་བཞིན་རྣམ་དག་རྫོགས་སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་བློ།<br>།གློ་བུར་དྲི་མའི་ཚོགས་དང་མ་འདྲེས་པ།<br>།དུས་རྣམས་རྟག་ཏུ་ཀུན་ལ་བཞུགས་གྱུར་པ།<br>།གཡོ་མེད་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེ་ལ་ཕྱག་འཚལ་ནས།
::<em>I pay homage to the unwavering mahāmudrā,<br>The naturally pure perfect buddha-mind—<br>Unadulterated by the host of adventitious stains—<br>That has been ever-present in all for all time.
                        |shAkya mchog ldan. phyag rgya chen po gsal bar byed pa'i bstan bcos tshangs pa'i 'khor los gzhan blo'i dregs pa nyams byed. In gser mdog paN chen shAkya mchog ldan gyi gsung 'bum. rdzong sar: rdzong sar khams bye'i slob gling thub bstan dar rgyas gling, 2006-2007: Vol. 17, p. 438.<br>-David Higgins and Martina Draszczyk. ''Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way: Post-Classical Kagyü Discourses on Mind, Emptiness and Buddha-Nature''. Volume 2: Translations, Critical Texts, Bibliography and Index. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde 90. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2016: p. 14.
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              {{Blockquote
|In the same text he equates buddha-nature and mahāmudrā, stating:</em>
:བདེ་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོའི་ཁམས་གང་ལ། །ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོར་མཚན་གསོལ་བ ། །གང་འདི་དྲི་མའི་སྦྱང་གཞི་ལ། །སྦྱང་བྱའི་དྲི་མ་རྣམ་དགུ་པོ། །སྦྱོང་བྱེད་བདེ་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོ་དེ། །རིག་པའི་ཡེ་ཤེས་ཀྱིས་སྦྱངས་པས། །སྦྱང་འབྲས་གཙང་བདག་བདེ་སོགས་ཀྱི། །ཡོན་ཏན་ཕ་རོལ་ཕྱིན་པ་འབྱུང༌། །ཡོན་ཏན་འདི་དག་རྗེས་མཐུན་པ། །གནས་སྐབས་མཐོང་བའི་ལམ་གནས་ཏེ། །བདག་དང་བདག་མེད་སྤྲོས་པ་དག །ཉེ་བར་ཞི་བའི་བདག་མཐོང་ནས། །དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་སྙིང་མཐོང་བའི་ཕྱིར། །ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་མཐོང་བར་བཤད།
:The element of ''*sugatagarbha'' is that which has been given the name ''mahāmudrā''. In this which is the ground for the clearing (''sbyang gzhi'') of stains, the ''*sugatagarbha'' that is the cleanser (''sbyong byed'') of the nine kinds of stains that are the objects to be cleared (''sbyang bya'') clears them by means of the wisdom of awareness, whereby the fruition of the clearing process emerges, i.e., the transcendent qualities of purity, selfhood, bliss, etc.
:The phase that is concordant with these qualities is present [as] the Path of Seeing because when one sees the selfhood wherein the elaborations of self and no self are pacified, one sees ''tathāgatagarbha'', [and] it is said that one thereby sees ''mahāmudrā''.<em>
                        |shAkya mchog ldan. phyag rgya chen po gsal bar byed pa'i bstan bcos tshangs pa'i 'khor los gzhan blo'i dregs pa nyams byed. In gser mdog paN chen shAkya mchog ldan gyi gsung 'bum. rdzong sar: rdzong sar khams bye'i slob gling thub bstan dar rgyas gling, 2006-2007: Vol. 17, p. 443-444.<br>-David Higgins and Martina Draszczyk. ''Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way: Post-Classical Kagyü Discourses on Mind, Emptiness and Buddha-Nature''. Volume 2: Translations, Critical Texts, Bibliography and Index. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde 90. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2016: pp. 17-18.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Eighth Karmapa Mikyö Dorje}}
 
              {{Blockquote
|In his commentary on the Madhyamakāvatāra, the Eighth Karmapa states:</em>
:ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོའི་ཆོས་ཚུལ་འདིའི་མྱོང་ཁྲིད་འདེབས་པ་ལ་མཛད་པ་ལ་གསང་སྔགས་ཀྱི་དབང་བསྐུར་བ་ཡང་མི་མཛད་ལ། ཕྱག་ཆེན་འདིའི་དངོས་བསྟན་མདོ་ལུགས་ཀྱི་སྤྲོས་བྲལ་སྟོང་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་དབུ་མ་དང། ཤུགས་ལས་མདོ་སྔགས་ཀྱི་ཟབ་དོན་མཐར་ཐུག་བདེ་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོ་ཐུན་མོང་དང་ཐུན་མོང་མིན་པའང་སྟོན་པ་ལ་
:<em>In this Mahāmudrā teaching method, experiential instructions (myong khrid) may be given without Secret Mantra empowerments first being bestowed. Rather, the principal teaching of this Mahāmudrā is the Madhyamaka of emptiness free from elaborations belonging to the Sūtra tradition. And, implicitly, it teaches ordinary and extraordinary buddha nature, the final profound meaning of the sūtras and tantras.
                        |Mi bskyod rdo rje. Dbu ma la 'jug pa'i mam bshad dpal Idan dus gsum mkhyen pa'i zhal lung dwags brgyud grub pa'i shing rta. Gangtok: Rumtek Monastery, 1974: pp. 13–14.<br>-David Higgins and Martina Draszczyk. ''Buddha Nature Reconsidered: The Eighth Karma pa's Middle Path''. Vol. 1: Introduction and Analysis. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2019: pp. 53-54.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Dakpo Tashi Namgyal}}
 
              {{Blockquote
|To summarize, the teachings in the sūtras and tantras on the ground abiding state- such as that of tathāgatagarbha [buddha nature] abides primordially in the mindstreams of sentient beings and that the nature of mind is luminosity- are presentations of ground mahāmudrā. Teachings on the development of the dhātu of [tathāgata]garbha, on freedom from elaborations, instances of emptiness, the unreality of phenomena, their absence of a self-entity, their equality, and their unification are all considered path mahāmudrā. Teachings on the awakening of the wisdom of complete omniscience (such as the four kāyas and five wisdoms) are presentations of fruition mahāmudrā.
                        |Elizabeth M. Callahan, ''Moonbeams of Mahāmudrā - Dakpo Tashi Namgyal: With Dispelling the Darkness of Ignorance by Wangchuk Dorje, the Ninth Karmapa.'' Boulder: Snow Lion Publications, 2019: p. 121.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Pema Karpo}}
 
              {{Blockquote
|Among the two, buddha nature and adventitious stains, buddha nature is luminous dharmakāya because it is genuine coemergent spontaneity, indomitable and imperishable supreme
joy, encompassing like the sky. Adventitious stains are mind and mental factors of the three
realms, together with the breath movements [that fuel them], which have not eliminated the
latent tendencies for transmigration.<br>
[...]<br>In this way, dharmakāya, the ground that is free from stains, is naturally present potential, the expanse of reality that is thoroughly devoid of having all aspects, like a preexistent great treasure.
                        |<br>-David Higgins and Martina Draszczyk. ''Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way: Post-Classical Kagyü Discourses on Mind, Emptiness and Buddha-Nature''. Volume 2: Translations, Critical Texts, Bibliography and Index. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde 90. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2016: p. 159-160.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Tsele Natsok Rangdrol}}
 
              {{Blockquote
|On the correlation of various terms Tsele Natsok Rangdrol states:</em>
:།རང་བྱུང་རང་ཤར་རང་རིག་ཆོས་ཉིད་དོན། །འདི་ལ་མིང་གི་རྣམ་གྲངས་སྣ་ཚོགས་ཏེ། །ཕར་ཕྱིན་ཐེག་པར་ཆོས་ཉིད་བདེན་པ་ཟེར། །སྔགས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་རང་བཞིན་འོད་གསལ་ཟེར། །སེམས་ཅན་དུས་ན་བདེར་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོའི་ཁམས། །ལམ་གྱི་སྐབས་སུ་ལྟ་སྒོམ་ལ་སོགས་མིང། །འབྲས་བུའི་དུས་ན་སངས་རྒྱས་ཆོས་སྐུ་ཟེར། །དེ་སོགས་མིནད་དང་དབྱེ་བ་དུ་མ་ཡང་། །དོན་ལ་ད་ལྟའི་ཐ་མལ་ཤེས་པ་འདིའོ།
:<em>This self-existing and self-manifest natural awareness, your basic state,<br>Has a variety of names:<br>In the Prajnaparamita vehicle it is called innate truth.<br>The vehicle of Mantra calls it natural luminosity.<br>While a sentient being it is named sugata-garbha.<br>During the path it is given names which describe the view, meditation, and so forth.<br>And at the point of fruition it is named the dharmakaya of buddhahood.<br>All the different names and classifications<br>Are nothing other than this present ordinary mind.
                        |rtse le sna tshogs rang grol. nges don gyi lta sgom nyams su len tshul ji lta bar ston pa rdo rje'i mdo 'dzin. In rtse le sna tshogs rang grol gyi gsung gdams zab phyogs bsgrigs. Kathmandu: Khenpo Shedup tenzin and Lama Thinley namgyal, 2007: pp.13-14.<br>-Tsele Natsok Rangdrol. ''The Heart of the Matter: The Unchanging Convergence of Vital that Show Exactly How to Apply the View and Meditation of the Definitive Meaning''. Translated by Erik Pema Kunsang. Kathmandu: Rangjung Yeshe Publications, 2002: p. 14.
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              {{Blockquote
|As for the cognizant quality or wisdom aspect of this self-luminous consciousness, its essence is empty, its nature is cognizant, and these two are inseparable as the core of awareness. Being the seed or cause of all the buddha qualities and attributes of the pure paths, this is also known as the "true all-ground of application," "sugata-essence," "dharmakaya of self-cognizance," "transcendent knowledge," "buddha of your own mind," and so forth. All of these names given to the classifications of nirvanic attributes are synonymous. This wisdom aspect is exactly what should be realized and recognized by everyone who has entered the path.
                        |Tsele Natsok Rangdrol. ''Lamp of Mahamudra: the immaculate lamp, that perfectly and fully illuminates, the meaning of Mahamudra, the essence of all phenomena''. Translated by Erik Pema Kunsang. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1989: pp. 6-7.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Jamgön Kongtrul}}
 
              {{Blockquote
|In his Treasury of Knowledge Jamgön Kongtrul states:</em>
:ཀུན་མཁྱེན་རང་བྱུང་རྒྱལ་བ་འཇིག་རྟེན་ཏུ་བྱོན་པ་ནས་ནང་བརྟག་རྒྱུད་གསུམ་ཞེས་གྲགས་པའི་བཤད་པའི་བཀའ་གཙོ་བོར་མཛད་དེ་ [...] རྒྱུད་བླ་མ་ནི་རྗེ་སྒམ་པོ་པའི་ཞལ་ནས། འོ་སྐོལ་གྱི་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོའི་གདམས་པ་འདིའི་གཞུང་ནི་བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་བྱམས་པས་མཛད་པའི་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་རྒྱུད་བླ་མའི་བསྟན་བཅོས་ཡིན་ནོ། ཞེས་གསུངས་པ་ལྟར་བདེ་གཤེགས་ཕག་མོ་པ་གྲུ་པ། སྐྱོབ་པ་འཇིག་རྟེན་གསུམ་མགོན་སོགས་ཀྱིས་ཀྱང་ལུགས་དེའི་གྲུབ་མཐའ་འཆའ་ཞིང། རང་བྱུང་རྒྱལ་བ་སོགས་ཐམས་ཅད་མཁྱེན་པ་ན་རིམ་གྱིས་ཀྱང་དེའི་དགོངས་པ་རྩ་བའི་དོན་ཏུ་མཛད་པ་འབའ་ཞིག་ཡིན་པས་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་སྒོམ་པ་ལའང་འདི་ཉིད་ཤེས་པ་གལ་ཆེ་བ་ཡིན། དེས་ན་གཞུང་འདི་གསུམ་ནི་ཁ་བཤད་དང་རྩོད་པའི་ཆོས་མ་ཡིན་གྱི་ཉམས་ལེན་དང་ལྟོ་སྦྱར་བའི་ཆོས་ཡིན་པས་སྒྲུབ་བརྒྱུད་འཛིན་པ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་བཤད་པའི་རྒྱུན་མ་ཉམས་པར་བཟུང་བ་ཅི་ནས་ཀྱང་གནད་ཆེ་བར་ཡོད་དོ།
:<em>When Kun mkhyen Rang byung rgyal ba appeared in this world he primarily emphasized the Buddhist teachings known as Zab mo nang don, Hevajratantra, and Uttaratantra. [...] As for the Uttaratantra, Rje Sgam po pa stated, “The scriptural source for our Mahāmudrā instructions is the Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra composed by Bhagavān Maitreya.” Accordingly, Bde gshegs Phag mo gru pa, Skyob pa ’Jig rten gsum mgon, and others outlined the philosophy of this tradition. And the succession of omniscient ones, such as Rang byung rgyal ba, solely made the intent of this [śāstra] their fundamental concern. Therefore, even where Mahāmudrā meditation is concerned, the knowledge of this very [treatise] is of utmost importance. Hence, these three scriptures are not teachings for theoretical explanation and debate but are rather teachings to integrate with one’s meditative practice. Therefore, what could be a more important essential key for those who uphold the practice lineage than to unfailingly maintain the transmission of these explanations?
                        |'Jam mgon kong sprul. Shes bya kun khyab. Pe cin: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 1982: Vol. 1, 505–506.<br>-David Higgins and Martina Draszczyk. ''Buddha Nature Reconsidered: The Eighth Karma pa's Middle Path''. Vol. 1: Introduction and Analysis. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2019: pp. 51-53.
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{{CommentatorSeparator|Khenpo Gangshar}}
 
              {{Blockquote
|In his Naturally Liberating Whatever You Meet: Instructions to Guide You on the Profound Path,  Khenpo Gangshar states:</em>
:འདི་སེམས་ཅན་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་སེམས་ཀྱི་རང་བཞིན། དུས་གསུམ་སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་དགོངས་པ། ཆོས་སྒོ་བརྒྱད་ཁྲི་བཞི་སྟོང་གི་སྙིང་པོ། འདྲེན་མཆོག་དཔལ་ལྡན་བླ་མའི་ཐུགས། བཀའ་བར་པ་ནས་ཤེར་ཕྱིན་དང་འཁོར་ལོ་ཐ་མ་ནས་བདེ་གཤེགས་སྙིང་པོ། སྔགས་ཐུན་མོང་བའི་སྐབས་སུ། གཞི་རྒྱུད་རང་བཞིན་ལྷུན་གྱིས་གྲུབ་པའི་དཀྱིལ་འཁོར་
:<em>The mind-essence is the nature of all sentient beings, the realization of the buddhas of the three times, the essence of the eighty-four thousand Dharma-doors and the heart of the glorious master, the supreme guide. It is the transcendent knowledge of the second set of teachings and the sugata-essence of the last turning of the wheel of the Dharma. According to the general system of mantra it is called continuity of ground, the spontaneously present mandala of the innate nature.
                        |Mkhan po gang shar. zab lam khrid kyi man ngag 'phrad tshad rang grol. In gsung 'bum gang shar dbang po. Kathmandu: thrangu tashi choling, 2008: p. 121.<br> -Translation from Thrangu Rinpoche. ''Vivid Awareness: The Mind Instructions of Khenpo Gangshar''. Translated by David Karma Choephel. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2011: p. 226.
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                 {{Blockquote
                 {{Blockquote
|The Uttara Tantra belongs mainly to the sutra classification, the Third Turning of the Wheel of Dharma, because the text contains sections concerning the view, path, and fruition as well as many other topics. In combination, they are classified as sutra because the word 'sutra' literally means 'confluence' or 'that which has many parts gathered together.' Since it emphasizes the enlightened essence, the sugatagarbha, and because it is inseparable from the very basis of Mahamudra, this teaching is considered of great importance in the Kagyu tradition.
|When the Buddha taught that sentient beings possess the sugatagarbha, it was not solely for the purpose of encouraging us to practice. He was simply stating the truth. Through understanding our real condition, how things truly are, we can then develop the perseverance and fortitude to complete our journey along the path.
                        |Thrangu Rinpoche. ''Buddha Nature: Ten Teachings on the Uttara Tantra Shastra''. Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe, 1988: p. 16.
                        |[[Thrangu Rinpoche]]. ''[[Buddha Nature: Ten Teachings on the Uttara Tantra Shastra]]''. Translated by [[Erik Pema Kunsang]]. Edited by S. Lhamo. Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe, 1988, p. 57.
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            {{Blockquote
{{CommentatorSeparator|Dzongsar Khyentse}}
|The root of the wisdom that arises in Mahamudra is buddha nature, or buddha essence,<br>
 
[...]<br>Buddha nature is realized through listening, contemplating, and meditating. This is the explanation according to the Sutra path. In terms of the Mahamudra path, realization occurs through the combination of the blessing of a true teacher and the arising of devotion within the pupil; through the combination of these two, buddha nature, the nature of the mind, manifests. Jamgon Kongtrul says buddha nature is realized either through the Sutra path of listening, contemplating, and meditating or through blessing and devotion of the Mahamudra path.
{{Blockquote
                        |Thrangu Rinpoche. ''On Buddha Essence: A Commentary on Rangjung Dorje's Treatise''. Translated by Peter Alan Roberts. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2006: p. XXI and p. 133.
|When we talk about emptiness, something beyond fabrication, we immediately think of a state of being that has no function, like a couch potato or piece of stone, but that is absolutely not correct. It is not merely a negation, elimination, or denial. It is not like the exhaustion of a fire or the evaporation of water. It is full of function, and we call this function buddha activity, which is one aspect of buddhanature. This buddhanature has an aspect of uninterrupted wisdom. This is the difficulty, because as soon as we talk about wisdom, we think in terms of cognition and the senses and their sense objects. We are curious about how a buddha perceives things. But although buddhanature is seemingly a cognizer, it has no object, and therefore it cannot be a subject. Furthermore, it’s not inanimate, nor is it animate, in the sense of mind. This is why the Uttaratantra Shastra is really complementary to the Mahasandhi (Dzogchen) teachings, which always say that mind and wisdom are separate—the dualistic mind of subject and object is separate from the nondual wisdom, which is not other than buddhanature.
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|[[Khyentse, Dzongsar]]. "[[Spotless from the Start]]." ''[[Buddhadharma: The Practitioner's Quarterly]]'', December 1, 2008.
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            {{Blockquote
{{CommentatorSeparator|Matthieu Ricard}}
|The Kagyu masters of the past as an instruction called this the ordinary mind, or the natural state. They called it this out of their experience. This ordinary mind itself is the dharma expanse and the essence of the buddhas: it is our buddha nature. This is exactly what the term means; this is what we need to experience and recognize.
                        |Thrangu Rinpoche. ''Vivid Awareness: The Mind Instructions of Khenpo Gangshar''. Translated by David Karma Choephel. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2011: p. 124.
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{{Blockquote
|"Pure vision," the extraordinary outlook of the Vajrayana or Adamantine Vehicle, is to recognize Buddha-nature in all sentient beings and to see primordial purity and perfection in all phenomena. Every sentient being is endowed with the essence of Buddhahood, just as oil pervades every sesame seed. Ignorance is nothing more than lack of awareness of this very Buddha-nature, as when a pauper does not see the golden pot buried beneath his own hut. The spiritual path is thus a rediscovery of this forgotten nature, just as one sees again the immutable brilliance of the sun once the clouds that were masking it have been blown away.
|[[Ricard, Matthieu]], Jakob Leschly, Erik Schmidt, Marilyn Silverstone, and Lodrö Palmo, trans. ''[[The Life of Shabkar: The Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin]]''. By [[Shabkar Tsokdruk Rangdrol]] (zhabs dkar tshogs drug rang grol). Edited by Constance Wilkinson, with Michal Abrams and other members of the Padmakara Translation Group.  Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2001, translator's introduction, p. xvii.
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<h2>Further Readings</h2>
<h2>Further Readings</h2>


{{BookExceprt
{{BookExceprt
|title=Book: A Direct Path to the Buddha Within
|title=Book: Our Human Potential
|cover=File:A_Direct_Path_to_the_Buddha_Within-front.jpg
|cover=File:Our Human Potential-front.jpeg
|coverLink=http://www.wisdompubs.org/book/direct-path-buddha-within
|coverLink=Books/Our_Human_Potential
|text=One of the main goals of Zhönu Pal's Ratnagotravibhāga commentary is to show that the Kagyü path of mahāmudrā is already taught in the Maitreya works and the Laṅkāvatārasūtra. This approach involves resting your mind in a nonconceptual experience of luminosity or the dharmadhātu (the expanse or nature of all phenomena) with the help of special "pith instructions" (Tib. man ngag) on how to become mentally disengaged. A path of directly realizing buddha nature is thus distinguished from a Madhyamaka path of logical inference and it is with this in mind that Zhönu Pal's commentary can be called a "direct path to the buddha within."
|text=What is nirvana? The basis due to which it is possible to attain nirvana is called the Buddha nature, or the naturally abiding lineage.The individual systems of Buddhist tenets have different interpretations of what the Buddha nature is; thus, there come to be many Buddha natures in terms of their level of subtlety.
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                |link=/index.php/Books/Our_Human_Potential/The_Fourteenth_Dalai_Lama_on_Buddha-Nature
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|image=https://commons.tsadra.org/images/6/6f/Dalai-lama-crop.jpg
|text=The Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''
|text=The Fourteenth Dalai Lama on Buddha-Nature
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            |source=[[Mathes, Klaus-Dieter]]. ''[[A Direct Path to the Buddha Within]]: Go Lotsāwa's Mahāmudrā Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhāga''. Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism. Boston:Wisdom Publications, 2008: p. 1.
            |source=[[Dalai Lama, 14th]]. ''[[Our Human Potential]]: The Unassailable Path of Love, Compassion, and Meditation''. Translated and edited by [[Jeffrey Hopkins]]. Boulder, CO: Shambhala Publications, 2019: pp. 92-98.
}}
        {{BookExceprt
|title=Book: Awakening the Sleeping Buddha
|cover=File:Awakening the Sleeping Buddha-front.jpg
|coverLink=Books/Awakening the Sleeping Buddha
|text=We begin at the beginning with buddha nature, because that is the most important concept to understand. Then, for the Mahayanist, comes bodhichitta. How the recognition of buddha nature is accomplished and the field in which we learn to practice bodhichitta is dealt with in a discussion of reincarnation and karma.
 
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|text=Tai Situ on Buddha-Nature
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|source=[[Tai Situpa, 12th]] (pad+ma don yod nyin byed). ''[[Awakening the Sleeping Buddha]]''. Edited by [[Lea Terhune]]. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1996, pp. 1-22.
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{{BookExceprt
{{BookExceprt
|title=Book: When the Clouds Part
|title=Book: Path to Buddhahood: Teachings on Gampopa's Jewel Ornament of Liberation
|cover=File:When the Clouds Part-front.jpg
|cover=File:Path-Buddhahood-front.jpg
|coverLink=https://www.shambhala.com/when-the-clouds-part-3265.html
|coverLink=Books/Path_to_Buddhahood
|text=As stated before, texts such as CMW, those by Mönlam Tsültrim, GC, the Eighth Karmapa’s Lamp, and GISM all establish connections between the Uttaratantra and Mahāmudrā. Such connections are also found in a number of Indian and Tibetan Mahāmudrā works. Usually, these connections are made in the wider context of the Mahāmudrā approaches that came to be called "sūtra Mahāmudrā" or "essence Mahāmudrā" (the Mahāmudrā approach that is beyond "sūtra Mahāmudrā" and "tantra Mahāmudrā"). In order to provide some background against which the Uttaratantra-based Mahāmudrā instructions in the above texts can be appreciated more fully, I will next present an overview of the key elements of the different approaches to Mahāmudrā, their origins, their scriptural sources, and the different ways in which they are taught.
|text=The seed refers to our buddha nature. We can attain enlightenment because we already possess the nature of a buddha. All living beings have this buddha nature. One might wonder how we know this. Traditionally we are presented with three distinct types of evidence.


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|image=http://commons.tsadra.org/images-commons/0/01/Maitripa.jpg
|image=https://commons.tsadra.org/images/c/cf/Ringu_Tulku-267x358.jpg
|text=The Uttaratantra and Mahāmudrā
|text=The Cause: Buddha Nature
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|source=[[Brunnhölzl, Karl]]. ''[[When the Clouds Part]]: The Uttaratantra and its Meditative Tradition as a Bridge between Sūtra and Tantra''. Boston: Snow Lion Publications, an imprint of Shambhala Publications, 2014.
|source=[[Ringu Tulku Rinpoche]]. ''[[Path to Buddhahood: Teachings on Gampopa's Jewel Ornament of Liberation]]''. Edited by Maggy Jones, Briona Nic Dhiarmada, and Corinne Segers. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2003, p. 8. Originally published in French as ''Et si vous m'expliquiez Ie bouddhisme?'' Paris: Nil Editions, 2001.
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                       {{BookExceprt
                       {{BookExceprt
|title=Book: Mind at Ease
|title=Book: Mind at Ease
|cover=File:Mind at Ease-front.jpg
|cover=File:Mind at Ease-front.jpg
|coverLink=https://www.shambhala.com/mind-at-ease-1033.html
|coverLink=Books/Mind_at_Ease
|text=WE COME NOW TO A DISCUSSION OF GROUND MAHAMUDRA and some of the more philosophical elements of Mahamudra meditation. The notion of the ground-also called the basis-is a key concept for Mahayana and later forms of Buddhism. ''Ground of being'' refers to the Mahamudra itself, or to our true nature, our authentic state of being. In Mahayana Buddhism, this ground is also known as buddha-nature. I will begin with this more widely known concept from the perspective of the exoteric approach and then proceed to link the idea of buddha-nature to the mystical notion of the ground of being, or ground Mahamudra.
|text=We come now to a discussion of ground Mahamudra and some of the more philosophical elements of Mahamudra meditation. The notion of the ground-also called the basis-is a key concept for Mahayana and later forms of Buddhism. ''Ground of being'' refers to the Mahamudra itself, or to our true nature, our authentic state of being. In Mahayana Buddhism, this ground is also known as buddha-nature. I will begin with this more widely known concept from the perspective of the exoteric approach and then proceed to link the idea of buddha-nature to the mystical notion of the ground of being, or ground Mahamudra.


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|image=https://commons.tsadra.org/images/c/c0/Traleg-Rinpoche_LionsRoar.jpg
|text=GROUND MAHAMUDRA: Buddha-Nature
|text=The Exoteric Perspective on Buddha-Nature
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|source=[[Kyabgon, Traleg]]. ''[[Mind at Ease]]: Self-Liberation Through Mahamudra Meditation''. Boston: Shambhala, 2004.
|source=[[Kyabgon, Traleg]]. ''[[Mind at Ease: Self-Liberation through Mahamudra Meditation]]''. Boston: Shambhala, 2004, p.121.
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{{BookExceprt
|title=Book: Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way
|cover=File:Mahamudra and the Middle Way - Vol. 2-front.jpg
|coverLink=https://www.istb.univie.ac.at/cgi-bin/wstb/wstb.cgi?ID=93&show_description=1
|text=This two-volume publication explores the complex philosophy of Mahāmudrā that developed in Tibetan Dwags po Bka’ brgyud traditions between the 15th and 16th centuries CE. It examines the attempts to articulate and defend Bka’ brgyud views and practices by four leading post-classical thinkers: (1) Shākya mchog ldan (1423‒1507), a celebrated yet controversial Sa skya scholar who developed a strong affiliation with the Karma Bka’ brgyud Mahāmudrā tradition in the last half of his life, (2) Karma phrin las Phyogs las rnam rgyal (1456‒1539), a renowned Karma Bka’ brgyud scholar-yogin and tutor to the Eighth Karma pa, (3) the Eighth Karma pa himself, Mi bskyod rdo rje (1507‒1554), who was among the most erudite and influential scholar-hierarchs of his generation, (4) and Padma dkar po (1527‒1592), Fourth ’Brug chen of the ’Brug pa Bka’ brgyud lineage who is generally acknowledged as its greatest scholar and systematizer.
    |source=Higgins, David and Martina Draszczyk. ''[[Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way]]: Post-Classical Kagyü Discourses on Mind, Emptiness and Buddha-Nature''. 2 Volumes: Volume 1: Introduction, Views of Authors and Final Reflections. Volume 2: Translations, Critical Texts, Bibliography and Index. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde 90. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2016.
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{{BookExceprt
|title=Book: Buddha Nature Reconsidered
|cover=File:Buddha Nature Reconsidered-front.jpg
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|text=As a Mahāmudrā proponent, Mi bskyod rdo rje gives primacy to innate modes of being and awareness, such as coemergent wisdom or buddha nature naturally endowed with qualities, that are amenable only to direct yogic perception and revealed through the personal guidance of a qualified teacher. As an exponent of ''yuganaddha'' (''zung ’jug''), i.e., unity (literally, “yoking together”), he espouses the tantric goal of unity beyond extremes, a goal grounded in the inseparability of the two truths or realities (''bden gnyis dbyer med''), of appearance and emptiness (''snang stong dbyer med''). In his eyes, this unity is only fully realized when one understands that the conventional has no independent existence apart from the ultimate and that the latter is a condition of possibility of the former. As an advocate of ''apratiṣṭhāna'' (''rab tu mi gnas pa''), i.e., nonfoundationalism, he resolutely maintains that all outer and inner phenomena, including deep features of reality disclosed through meditation, lack any ontic or epistemic essence or foundation that the mind can lay hold of. Finally, as a champion of Madhyamaka, i.e., the Buddhist Middle Way, the author attempts to ply a middle course between the extremes of existence and nonexistence, eternalism and nihilism. These various doxographical strands are deftly interwoven in the Karma pa’s view of buddha nature, which affirms the innate presence of buddha nature and its qualities in all sentient beings as well as their soteriological efficacy while denying either any ontological status.
    |source=Higgins, David and Draszczyk, Martina. ''[[Buddha Nature Reconsidered]]: The Eighth Karma pa's Middle Path''. Vol. 1: Introduction and Analysis. Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien, 2019.
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Latest revision as of 11:06, 31 January 2023

The Living Tradition:
Contemporary Expressions of Buddha-Nature
The teachings of buddha-nature have a long and storied history. However, that is not to say that it is an idea which is merely consigned to the past. It is not something that Buddhists once believed but have since abandoned for new paradigms of how one might now, in our modern times, progress along the path. Rather, buddha-nature remains a key feature of many of the Buddhist traditions that exist today. It is at once an essential pedagogical device, utilized to inform us of our inherent potential for enlightenment, and the very the substrate upon which the path to enlightenment is traversed. Thus, for those Buddhist traditions that have embraced the notion of buddha-nature, it is simultaneously a tool and a truth, which remains as practical and relevant to modern seekers as it was to those who lived in the distant past.

Watch & Learn

From the Masters

Dilgo Khyentse Tashi Paljor
1910 ~ 1991
As you progress through these three steps, spiritual qualities will naturally arise, and you will see the truth of the teachings. Those qualities will bloom spontaneously because the buddha nature within you is being revealed. The buddha nature, or tathagatagarbha, is present in all beings, but is hidden by obscurations, in the same way that buried gold is hidden by the earth under which it lies. As you listen to, reflect, and meditate on the Dharma, all the inherent qualities of your buddha nature will be actualized.  
Dudjom Jikdral Yeshe Dorje
1904 ~ 1987
In the mind of everyone, of every living, sentient being, there is a fundamental nature or ground, the so-called sugatagarbha. This is the seed of Samantabhadra, the seed of buddhahood. Although this is something we all have, we do not recognize it. It is unknown to us. This ground, which is our spontaneous awareness, has been with us "from the beginning." It is like a mirror. When someone with a happy face looks in a mirror, the reflection of a happy face appears. When someone with a sad face looks into it, a sad face appears. The primordial ground is just like a mirror.
      The reflection of a person with a happy face looking into a perfectly clear mirror, the primordial ground, is like Samantabhadra, who awoke to his ultimate nature. Samantabhadra, it is said, "captured the citadel of the primordial ground, awoke, recognized his own nature, and was free." But we ordinary beings fail to recognize this nature, the mirrorlike primordial ground. For us, the situation is like someone with a downcast face looking into the mirror: a sad reflection appears!
 
~ Dudjom Rinpoche (bdud 'joms 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje). Counsels from My Heart. Translated by Wulstan Fletcher and Helena Blankleder (Padmakara Translation Group). Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2003, pp. 17–18.
Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche
1940 ~ 1987
When you have completely accomplished the shamatha-vipashyana practice, you have a sense of reward. You experience joy in the possibility of buddha nature, but you may still feel skeptical. Although you begin to feel that buddha nature is a possibility, you think the whole thing may be a hoax. You begin to doubt the teachings. The idea that you already have a built-in buddha in you is something that you cannot quite imagine. It seems to be too good to be true, and you begin to feel that maybe it is not true. You think that the whole thing may be a big put-on, a big joke, a lie.
      The birth of mahayana spirit begins with a combination of distrust and the possibility of good news. It is a very powerful emotional experience, a sweet-sour feeling. That quality of joy and delight is wisdom, or jnana, and the doubt or distrust is compassion. Doubt and compassion are both very direct. Compassion is somewhat more spacious, but the pain of doubt and compassion is the same. There is a sense of something touching your heart, and it is painful.
      At this point, you have the possibility of wisdom and compassion, but they are not completely finalized. It is like a fetus whose limbs are not quite formed. It is as though you are pregnant with buddha nature: you realize that something is happening even before the baby begins to kick. However, this pregnancy is different from ordinary pregnancy. Unlike a fetus, buddha nature is not a foreign body, it is a part of your whole being. You cannot have an abortion because it is too powerful to get rid of. You have to accept the whole thing.
 
~ Trungpa, Chögyam, and Judith L. Lief. The Profound Treasury of the Ocean of Dharma. Vol. 2, The Bodhisattva Path of Wisdom and Compassion. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2013, pp. 22–23.
Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche
1920 ~ 1996
If you believe there is a thing called mind, it is just a thought. If you believe there is no thing called mind, it’s just another thought. Your natural state, free of any kind of thought about it—that is buddha-nature. In ordinary sentient beings, this natural state is carried away by thinking, caught up in thought. Involvement in thinking is like a heavy chain that weighs you down. Now it is time to be free from that chain. The moment you shatter the chain of thinking, you are free from the three realms of samsara.

[...]
Our enlightened essence, the buddha-nature, is like the sun itself, present as our very nature. Its reflection can be compared to our thoughts—all our plans, our memories, our attachments, our anger, our closed-mindedness, and so on. One thought aris­es after the other, one movement of mind occurs after the other, just like one reflection after another appears. If you control this one sun in the sky, don’t you automatically control all its reflec­tions in various ponds of water in the whole world? Why pay attention to all the different reflections? Instead of circling end­lessly in samsara, recognise the one sun. If you recognise the nature of your mind, the buddha-nature, that is sufficient.

 
Lama Tharchin Rinpoche
1936 ~ 2013
We are sentient beings. This means that our mind's fundamentally confused. Still at the essence level, we are buddhas because our essence is the buddha-nature which is always free of causes and conditions. Our buddha-nature can never be dissected into many parts and it cannot be said to be singular. It is beyond singularity and plurality. It is uncompounded like the sky and never changes. Therefore, there is no way for suffering to arise within the experience of the buddha-nature.

[...]
The solution is to realize our buddha-nature, the esence of our mind, the undeluded state that never leaves us even for a single moment. But, even though we can understand that this is the solution, we still have a problem because our confused mind cannot recognize our buddha-nature. And why is that? It's simply because confused mind doesn't believe in buddha-nature. It believes in itself, in its own power, and in the power of circumstances. If it tries to see the buddha-nature, it says do it this way, don't do it that way; this is right, this is wrong. Using this approach, no matter how hard confused mind tries to see the buddha-nature, it never will because it is fundamentally confused and deluded. Of course, confused mind can create temporary happiness and success but that will, sooner or later, become suffering. So, to solve the problem, what must be identified, one way or the other, is the unchangeable, uncompounded buddha-nature, the essence of deluded mind.

 
Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche
1951
One should first recognize the Buddha-Nature, then train in it, and finally attain stability. In order to recognize the Buddha-Nature, we must identify exactly what is preventing us from realizing it now and what needs to be cleared away - all the passing stains of confusion. Where did these passing stains come from? The ground itself, the Buddha-Nature, is without impurity or confusion, but the temporary defilements, the stains of confusion, result from not having recognized the state of the ground.  
~ Ray, Reginald A. The Tibetan Buddhism Reader. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2004, p. 128.
Thrangu Rinpoche
1933 ~ 2023
When the Buddha taught that sentient beings possess the sugatagarbha, it was not solely for the purpose of encouraging us to practice. He was simply stating the truth. Through understanding our real condition, how things truly are, we can then develop the perseverance and fortitude to complete our journey along the path.  
~ Thrangu Rinpoche. Buddha Nature: Ten Teachings on the Uttara Tantra Shastra. Translated by Erik Pema Kunsang. Edited by S. Lhamo. Hong Kong: Rangjung Yeshe, 1988, p. 57.
Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche
1961
When we talk about emptiness, something beyond fabrication, we immediately think of a state of being that has no function, like a couch potato or piece of stone, but that is absolutely not correct. It is not merely a negation, elimination, or denial. It is not like the exhaustion of a fire or the evaporation of water. It is full of function, and we call this function buddha activity, which is one aspect of buddhanature. This buddhanature has an aspect of uninterrupted wisdom. This is the difficulty, because as soon as we talk about wisdom, we think in terms of cognition and the senses and their sense objects. We are curious about how a buddha perceives things. But although buddhanature is seemingly a cognizer, it has no object, and therefore it cannot be a subject. Furthermore, it’s not inanimate, nor is it animate, in the sense of mind. This is why the Uttaratantra Shastra is really complementary to the Mahasandhi (Dzogchen) teachings, which always say that mind and wisdom are separate—the dualistic mind of subject and object is separate from the nondual wisdom, which is not other than buddhanature.  
Matthieu Ricard
1946
"Pure vision," the extraordinary outlook of the Vajrayana or Adamantine Vehicle, is to recognize Buddha-nature in all sentient beings and to see primordial purity and perfection in all phenomena. Every sentient being is endowed with the essence of Buddhahood, just as oil pervades every sesame seed. Ignorance is nothing more than lack of awareness of this very Buddha-nature, as when a pauper does not see the golden pot buried beneath his own hut. The spiritual path is thus a rediscovery of this forgotten nature, just as one sees again the immutable brilliance of the sun once the clouds that were masking it have been blown away.  
~ Ricard, Matthieu, Jakob Leschly, Erik Schmidt, Marilyn Silverstone, and Lodrö Palmo, trans. The Life of Shabkar: The Autobiography of a Tibetan Yogin. By Shabkar Tsokdruk Rangdrol (zhabs dkar tshogs drug rang grol). Edited by Constance Wilkinson, with Michal Abrams and other members of the Padmakara Translation Group. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2001, translator's introduction, p. xvii.

Further Readings

Book: Our Human Potential

Our Human Potential-front.jpeg

What is nirvana? The basis due to which it is possible to attain nirvana is called the Buddha nature, or the naturally abiding lineage.The individual systems of Buddhist tenets have different interpretations of what the Buddha nature is; thus, there come to be many Buddha natures in terms of their level of subtlety.

~ Dalai Lama, 14th. Our Human Potential: The Unassailable Path of Love, Compassion, and Meditation. Translated and edited by Jeffrey Hopkins. Boulder, CO: Shambhala Publications, 2019: pp. 92-98.

Book: Awakening the Sleeping Buddha

Awakening the Sleeping Buddha-front.jpg

We begin at the beginning with buddha nature, because that is the most important concept to understand. Then, for the Mahayanist, comes bodhichitta. How the recognition of buddha nature is accomplished and the field in which we learn to practice bodhichitta is dealt with in a discussion of reincarnation and karma.

~ Tai Situpa, 12th (pad+ma don yod nyin byed). Awakening the Sleeping Buddha. Edited by Lea Terhune. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1996, pp. 1-22.

Book: Path to Buddhahood: Teachings on Gampopa's Jewel Ornament of Liberation

Path-Buddhahood-front.jpg

The seed refers to our buddha nature. We can attain enlightenment because we already possess the nature of a buddha. All living beings have this buddha nature. One might wonder how we know this. Traditionally we are presented with three distinct types of evidence.

~ Ringu Tulku Rinpoche. Path to Buddhahood: Teachings on Gampopa's Jewel Ornament of Liberation. Edited by Maggy Jones, Briona Nic Dhiarmada, and Corinne Segers. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2003, p. 8. Originally published in French as Et si vous m'expliquiez Ie bouddhisme? Paris: Nil Editions, 2001.

Book: Mind at Ease

Mind at Ease-front.jpg

We come now to a discussion of ground Mahamudra and some of the more philosophical elements of Mahamudra meditation. The notion of the ground-also called the basis-is a key concept for Mahayana and later forms of Buddhism. Ground of being refers to the Mahamudra itself, or to our true nature, our authentic state of being. In Mahayana Buddhism, this ground is also known as buddha-nature. I will begin with this more widely known concept from the perspective of the exoteric approach and then proceed to link the idea of buddha-nature to the mystical notion of the ground of being, or ground Mahamudra.