Glossary

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'jog sgom placement meditation settling meditation	'jog sgom - This is the meditation of directly observing the mind without engaging in any analytical or intellectual activity. (Thrangu Rinpoche, Transcending Ego, 102). Skt. स्थाप्यभावना Tib. འཇོག་སྒོམ་	Key Terms/'jog sgom
AA aA	AA - Abhisamayālaṃkāra	AA
AAvivṛti aAvivṛti	AAvivṛti - Abhisamayālaṃkāravivṛti	AAvivṛti
AAvṛtti aAvṛtti	AAvṛtti - Abhisamayālaṃkāravṛtti	AAvṛtti
AAĀ aAĀ	AAĀ - Abhisamayālaṃkārālokā	AAĀ
abhidharma Abhidharma མངོན་པ།	abhidharma - Abhidharma generally refers to the corpus of Buddhist texts which deals with the typological, phenomenological, metaphysical, and epistemological presentation of Buddhist concepts and teachings. The abhidharma teachings present a meta-knowledge of Buddhist sūtras through analytical and systemic schemas and are said to focus on developing wisdom among the three principles of training. The Abhidharma is presented alongside Sūtra and Vinaya as one of the three baskets of the teachings of the Buddha. Skt. अभिधर्म Tib. ཆོས་མངོན་པ། Ch. 阿毗达磨	Key Terms/abhidharma
actualized enlightenment Actualized enlightenment Actualized Enlightenment	actualized enlightenment - Actualized enlightenment is enlightenment that is attained through practice. It is contrasted with original enlightenment, which is the mind's innate purity in its natural state. Ultimately, there is no difference between them. Because of the presence of ignorance, sentient beings are blind to their true nature. By removing that ignorance, one actualizes enlightenment. Ch. 始覺	Key Terms/actualized enlightenment
advaya Advaya nonduality nondual	advaya - Literally, "without duality," it refers to that which is indivisible, in that it is not divided into two. Skt. अद्वय Tib. གཉིས་མེད་ Ch. 不二	Key Terms/advaya
AK aK	AK - Abhidharmakośakārikā	AK
AKBh aKBh	AKBh - Abhidharmakośabhāṣya	AKBh
AKVy aKVy	AKVy - Abhidharmakośavyākhyā	AKVy
AkṣN akṣN	AkṣN - Akṣayamatinirdeśasūtra	AkṣN
amalavijñāna Amalavijñāna ninth consciousness	amalavijñāna - The ninth consciousness, the immaculate pure mind. Ch. 啊摩羅識,無垢識	Key Terms/amalavijñāna
AMS aMS	AMS - Aṅgulimālīyasūtra	AMS
Anuyoga anuyoga rjes su rnal 'byor	Anuyoga - The second set of the three inner tantras and the eighth of the nine vehicles according to the Nyingma tradition. Anuyoga includes many yogini tantras and focuses on the Completion Stage practices of sacred channels, energies and essential fluids and espouses the actualisation of empty bliss. Skt. अनुयोग Tib. ཨ་ནུ་ཡོ་ག	Key Terms/Anuyoga
anātman Anātman selflessness	anātman - The nonexistence of the self as a permanent, unchanging entity. Skt. अनात्मन् Tib. བདག་མེད་པ་ Ch. 无我	Key Terms/anātman
AOH aOH	AOH - Acta Orientalia (Budapest)	AOH
AP aP	AP - Asian Philosophy	AP
arhat Arhat foe destroyer	arhat - A person who has reached nirvāṇa by eliminating the three poisons of attachment, hatred and ignorance having followed the path of seeking individual liberation as a Śrāvaka or a Pratyekabuddha. An arhat, thus, is a person who has overcome the cause of rebirth in the cycle of existence and will not take an ordinary birth again. Skt. अर्हत् Tib. དགྲ་བཅོམ་པ། Ch. 阿羅漢	Key Terms/arhat
ARIRIAB aRIRIAB	ARIRIAB - Annual Report of The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University	ARIRIAB
AS aS	AS - Asiatische Studien	AS
AU aU	AU - Amṛtakaṇikodyotanibandha	AU
avidyā Avidyā ignorance unawareness	avidyā - Literally "unknowing," it refers to a lack of knowledge or misunderstanding of the nature of reality. As such, it is considered to be the root cause of suffering and the basis for the arising of all other negative mental factors. Skt. अविद्या Tib. མ་རིག་པ་ Ch. 無明	Key Terms/avidyā
Aṣṭa aṣṭa	Aṣṭa - Aṣṭasāhasrikāprajñāpāramitā	Aṣṭa
BA bA	BA - The Blue Annals	BA
BA (Tib) bA (Tib)	BA (Tib) - Deb ther sngon po	BA (Tib)
BCA bCA	BCA - Bodhicaryāvatāra	BCA
BCAP bCAP	BCAP - Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā	BCAP
BCRD bCRD	BCRD - The Buddhist Canons Research Database a project of the American Institute of Buddhist Studies (AIBS) and the Columbia University Center for Buddhist Studies (CCBS) http://databases.aibs.columbia.edu/	BCRD
BDRC bDRC	BDRC - Buddhist Digital Resource Center https://www.tbrc.org/	BDRC
BEFEO bEFEO	BEFEO - Bulletin d'École Française d'Extrême-Orient	BEFEO
BhK I bhK I	BhK I - Bhāvanākrama I	BhK I
BHSD bHSD	BHSD - Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, Vol. 2	BHSD
BHSG bHSG	BHSG - Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, Vol. 1	BHSG
bhūmi Bhūmi bhūmis bhumi bhumis	bhūmi - A plateau of spiritual development. Skt. भूमि Tib. ས་	Key Terms/bhūmi
Bobh bobh	Bobh - Bodhisattvabhūmi	Bobh
bodhi Bodhi	bodhi - Enlightenment or awakening. In Tibetan it is translated as "purified" (byang) and "perfected" (chub), which corresponds to Siddhartha Gautama's achievement of purifying all obscurations and perfecting or attaining all qualities associated with a buddha. Skt. बोधि Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་ Ch. 菩提,悟,覺	Key Terms/bodhi
bodhicitta Bodhicitta thought of awakening mind of enlightenment	bodhicitta - The altruistic thought to seek enlightenment for the sake of all sentient beings. It is said to have two aspects: compassion aimed at sentient beings and their problems and the wisdom of enlightenment as the solution. Skt. बोधिचित्त Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས། Ch. 菩提心	Key Terms/bodhicitta
bodhigarbha Bodhigarbha	bodhigarbha - An alternative term for tathāgatagarbha found in early Nyingma sources. Though it is back-translated as bodhigarbha, this term does not seem to be found in Sanskrit sources. However, in other contexts, the Tibetan byang chub snying po is often used to translate the Sanskrit term bodhimaṇḍa, which is often translated as the "seat of enlightenment." Skt. बोधिगर्भ Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་སྙིང་པོ་	Key Terms/bodhigarbha
Bodhisattva bodhisattva byang chub sems dpa' jangchub sempa	Bodhisattva - A person who seeks enlightenment for the sake of others. In Mahāyāna Buddhism, a Bodhisattva is a compassionate being who is training on the path to Buddhahood and aspires to eliminate the suffering of all beings and take all sentient beings to the state of enlightenment. The Mahāyāna sūtras including those on buddha-nature generally have Bodhisattvas as the main audience or interlocutors for the Buddha's discourses. Skt. बोधिसत्त्व Tib. བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ། Ch. 菩薩	Key Terms/Bodhisattva
BPPB bPPB	BPPB - Bibliotheca Philologica et Philosophica Buddhica	BPPB
Brahman brahman	Brahman - Brahman is the universal principle, supreme truth or ultimate reality in the Hindu religion considered to be absolute, eternal and blissful. A metaphysical concept, it is described as the single binding unity behind the diversity of all that exists. In Buddhism, while this metaphysical principle is not presented, one finds frequent mention of the deity named Brahmā, who is the personification of this principle. Skt. ब्रह्मन् Tib. ཚངས་པ།	Key Terms/Brahman
BSOAS bSOAS	BSOAS - Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies	BSOAS
buddhadhātu Buddhadhātu	buddhadhātu - A synonym for tathāgatagarbha widely used throughout the East Asian Buddhist traditions, as found in its translations as the Chinese term fó xìng and Japanese term busshō. Skt. बुद्धधातु Tib. སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཁམས་ Ch. 佛性	Key Terms/buddhadhātu
byams chos sde lnga Byams chos sde lnga Five Dharma Treatises of Maitreya dharma works of Maitreya Five Dharmas of Maitreya five treatises of Maitreya five books of Maitreya five doctrines of Maitreya five teachings of Maitreya	byams chos sde lnga - This refers to a series of five texts that, according to the Tibetan tradition, Asaṅga received directly from Maitreya in the pure realm of Tuṣita. Tib. བྱམས་ཆོས་སྡེ་ལྔ་	Key Terms/byams chos sde lnga
bīja Bīja seed karmic seed karmic seeds	bīja - A seed, commonly used figuratively in the sense of something which has the potential to develop or grow, and likewise as the basic cause for this development or growth. Skt. बीज Tib. ས་བོན་ Ch. 無漏種	Key Terms/bīja
CAJ cAJ	CAJ - Central Asiatic Journal	CAJ
Caturmudrā caturmudrā	Caturmudrā - Caturmudrāviniścaya	Caturmudrā
Cittamātra cittamātra Mind-Only Mind Only Consciousness Only mere mind Mere Mentalism sems tsam	Cittamātra - Though it is sometimes used synonymously with Yogācāra, it is in fact one of the more prominent philosophical theories associated with this school. It asserts that the objects in the external world with which we interact are actually mentally created representations appearing as those objects. The character of these perceptions is predetermined by our own karmic conditioning that is stored in the ālayavijñāna. Skt. चित्तमात्र Tib. སེམས་ཙམ་	Key Terms/Cittamātra
CNRS cNRS	CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique	CNRS
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