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The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism

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Written by a great modern Nyingma master, Dudjom Rinpoche’s The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism covers in detail and depth both the fundamental teachings and the history of Tibetan Buddhism’s oldest school. This, the first English translation of His Holiness’ masterwork, constitutes the most complete work of its type in the West.

An absolute treasure for students of the tradition, it is also an indispensable reference for anyone with an interest in Buddhism. The book includes chronologies and glossaries that elucidate Buddhist doctrine, and it provides fascinating insights into the Buddhist history of Tibet. Two treatises form the present volume, namely the Fundamentals of the Nyingma School and the History of the Nyingma School. Among the most widely read of all His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche’s works, these treatises were composed during the years immediately following his arrival in India as a refugee. His intention in writing them was to preserve the precise structure of the Nyingma philosophical view within its own historical and cultural context. (Source: Wisdom Publications)

Citation	Dorje, Gyurme, and Matthew Kapstein, trans. and ed. The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History. By Dudjom Rinpoche, Jikdrel Yeshe Dorje (bdud 'joms 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje). Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1991.

Dudjom Rinpoche on Great Madhyamaka

Book Excerpt

Table of Contents About the Book Texts Translated Quotes

SECTION ONE: THE TRANSLATIONS

• List of Illustrationsxv
• Foreword by Shenpen Dawa Rinpochexxv
• Preface to the Second Editionxxxii
• Credits for Illustrations and Mapsxxxiii
• Technical Notexxxv
• Guide to Pronunciationxxxvii
• Abbreviations for Section Onexli

BOOK ONE: FUNDAMENTALS OF THE NYINGMA SCHOOL OF TIBETAN BUDDHISM

• Detailed Contents of Book One3
• Translator’s Introduction11

THE TEXT

• Verses of Invocation45
• Introduction47

PART ONE: DOCTRINES OF SAṂSĀRA AND NIRVĀNA

• 1 The Essence and Defmition of Dharma51
• 2 Doctrines of Saṃsāra54
• 3 Doctrines of Nirvāṇa70
• 4 Transmitted Precepts73
• 5 Treatises88
• 6 Quantitative Treatises97
• 7 Treatises of Inner Science108

PART TWO: THE NATURE OF THE TEACHER ENDOWED WITH THE BUDDHA-BODIES

• Introduction113
• 1 Samantabhadra, the Buddha-body of Reality115
• 2 Vajradhara, the Emanation of Samantabhadra120
• 3 The Two Buddha-bodies of Form123
• 4 The Five Buddha-bodies and Five Pristine Cognitions139
• 5 Distinctive Attributes of the Buddha-bodies and Pristine Cognitions 144

PART THREE: CAUSAL VEHICLES OF DIALECTICS

• Introduction151
• 1 The Three Promulgations of the Doctrinal Wheel153
• 2 The Lesser Vehicle156
• 3 The Greater Vehicle160
• 4 The Superiority of Great Madhyamaka to Mind Only178
• 5 The Provisional and Defmitive Meaning of the Transmitted

Precepts187

• 6 The Enlightened or Buddha Family191
• 7 The Two Truths According to Great Madhyamaka206
• 8 Key to the Appraisal of Causal Vehicle Texts217
• 9 A Recapitulation of the Causal Vehicles223

PART FOUR: RESULTANT VEHICLES OF SECRET MANTRA

• Introduction241
• 1 The Superiority of Secret Mantra243
• 2 The Essence and Defmition of Secret Mantra257
• 3 The Three Continua of Ground, Path and Result263
• 4 The Four Tantrapiṭaka268
• 5 Mahāyoga275
• 6 Anuyoga284
• 7 Key to the Appraisal of Secret Mantra Texts290
• 8 The Superiority of Atiyoga, the Great Perfection294
• 9 The Definition of Atiyoga311
• 10 The Divisions of Atiyoga319
• 11 A Recapitulation of the Resultant Vehicles346

C O N C L U S I O N 1 Concluding Remarks 375 2 Dedicatory Verses 376 3 Colophon 378

B O O K T W O : H IS T O R Y O F T H E N Y IN G M A SC H O O L O F T IB E T A N B U D D H IS M Detailed Contents of Book Two 383 Translators’ Introduction 393 T H E T E X T Verses of Invocation 403 P A R T O N E : T H E O R IG IN O F T H E P R E C IO U S T E A C H I N G O F T H E C O N Q U E R O R IN T H I S W O R L D Introduction 409 1 The Coming of Buddha, Teacher of the Doctrine 411 2 The Collecting of Transmitted Precepts by Councils 428 3 The Patriarchs of the Teaching 432 4 The Preservation of the Teaching and Spread of the Greater Vehicle 440 P A R T T W O : T H E R IS E O F T H E P R E C IO U S T E A C H I N G O F S E C R E T M A N T R A Introduction 445 1 The Turning of the Secret Mantra Wheel 447 2 The Collecting of Transmitted Precepts by Different Compilers 451 3 The Emergence of this Teaching in the Human World 452 4 The Lineage of Mahāyoga, the Class of Tantras 458 5 The Lineage of Mahāyoga, the Class of Means for Attainment 475 6 The Lineage of Anuyoga, the Perfection Stage 485 7 The Lineage of Atiyoga, the Great Perfection 490 8 Concluding Remarks 502 P A R T T H R E E : T H E O R IG IN O F T H E C O N Q U E R O R ’S T E A C H IN G I N T IB E T Introduction 507 1 The Three Ancestral Religious Kings 510 2 The Decline and Expansion of the Doctrine during the Intermediate Period 523 3 The Revival and Later Expansion of the Teaching 524

P A R T F O U R : T H E D E V E L O P M E N T O F T H E T H R E E I N N E R C L A S S E S O F T A N T R A I N T IB E T Introduction 531 1 Mahāyoga and Anuyoga 533 2 The Mental and Spatial Classes of Atiyoga 538 3 The Esoteric Instructional Class of Atiyoga, the Innermost Spirituality 554 4 Longcen Rapjampa 575 P A R T F IV E : T H E D I S T A N T L IN E A G E O F T R A N S M I T T E D P R E C E P T S Introduction 599 1 The Lineage of Nyak 601 2 The Lineage of Nup 607 3 The Lineage of the Zur Family 617 4 Biographies of the Rong Tradition 650 5 Dotokpa’s Lineage of the Zur Tradition 685 6 Biographies of the Kham Tradition 688 7 Miscellaneous Lineages of the Zur and Kham Traditions 700 8 Rongzom Chöki Zangpo 703 9 The Traditions of Vajrakīla 710 10 The Lineages of the Empowerment of the Sūtra which Gathers All Intentions 717 11 Later Lineages of the Transmitted Precepts 733 P A R T S IX : T H E C L O S E L IN E A G E S O F T H E T R E A S U R E S 1 The Nature, Purpose and Kinds of Treasure 743 2 Biographies of the Treasure-fmders 750 3 Sangye Lama 751 4 Trapa Ngönshe 753 5 Nyang-rel Nyima Özer 755 6 Guru Chöki Wangcuk 760 7 Como Menmo 771 8 Orygen Lingpa 775 9 Ngödrup Gyeltsen or Rikdzin Gödemcen 780 10 Sangye Lingpa 784 11 Dorje Lingpa 789 12 Ratna Lingpa 793 13 Pema Lingpa 796 14 Karma Lingpa 800 15 Thangtong Gyelpo 802 16 Ngari Pancen Pema Wangyel 805

17 Rikdzin Jatsön Nyingpo 809 18 Rikdzin Düdül Dorje 813 19 Lhatsün Namka Jikme 818 20 The Fifth Dalai Lama 821 21 Rikdzin Terdak Lingpa, the Great Treasure-fmder of Mindröling 825 22 Jikme Lingpa 835 23 Chogyur Decen Lingpa 841 24 Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo 849 25 Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thaye 859 26 Mipham Jamyang Namgyel Gyamtso 869 Conclusion 881 P A R T S E V E N : A R E C T IF IC A T IO N O F M ISC O N C E P T IO N S C O N C E R N IN G T H E N Y IN G M A SC H O O L 1 General Reply to Criticisms of the Nyingmapa Tantras 887 2 On the View of the Great Perfection 896 3 Response to Critics of the Sūtra which Gathers All Intentions 911 4 Response to Critics of the Root Tantra of the Secret Nucleus 914 5 The Continuity of the Nyingmapa Tradition and its Impact on the Other Schools 918 6 On the Validity of the Treasures 927 7 The Shortcomings of Refutation and Proof 929 8 On The Prophecies Found in the Treasures 934 9 The Relationship between the Nyingmapa and Pönpo Traditions 936 10 On the “Bad Luck of the Nyingmapa” 938 PA R T EIG H T: T H E C H R O N O L O G Y O F T H E D O C T R IN E 1 Duration of the Doctrine 943 2 A Chronology of the Buddha’s Life 946 3 From the Buddha’s Final Nirvāna until the Beginning of the First Tibetan Sexagenary Cycle 948 4 FromtheBeginningoftheFirstSexagenaryCycletothePresent 951 5 Some Prophecies 960 C LO SING ST A T E M E N T S 1 Primary Sources 965 2 Concluding Benedictions 967 3 Colophon 972

S E C T IO N T W O : R E FE R E N C E M A TE R IA L Contents v Introduction vii Guide to Pronunciation xi Abbreviations for Section Two xv N O T E S 1 Fundamentals 3 2 History 27 G L O SSA R Y O F E N U M E R A T IO N S Introduction 103 Glossary of Enumerations 105 B IB L IO G R A PH Y Introduction 191 Part One: Works Cited by the Author Works Cited by the Author 199 Part Two: Works Referred to by the Translators 1 Indic Texts 293 2 Tibetan Texts 297 3 Secondary Literature 301 4 Addenda to the Bibliography 316 ARTIFACTS AND MATERIAL TREASURES Introduction 320 Artifacts and MaterialTreasures 321 INDEX OF TECHNICAL TERMS Introduction 331 Index of Technical Terms 333 INDEX OF PERSONAL NAMES Introduction 391 Index of Personal Names 393 INDEX OF LOCATIONS Introduction 453 Index of Locations 455 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 General Contents xiii M APS Introduction 489 Buddhist India and Adjacent Regions 490 North-Central India 492 Tibet 494 Western Tibet and Nepal 496 North-Central Tibet 498 South-Central Tibet and Bhutan 500 North-West Kham 502 South-West Kham 506 Amdo 508 North-East Kham 510

South-East Kham 512

The work on philosophical doctrines, entitled Fundamentals of the Nyingma School, presents a comprehensive account of traditional philosophical views, both secular and religious, non-Buddhist and Buddhist. It also includes an extended discussion of the validity of the esoteric scriptures and the special (tantra) distinctions of the Nyingma. In the second translated work, entitled History of the Nyingma School, Dudjom Rinpoche directly addresses the legacy of criticism of the Nyingma tradition in a special section entitled “A Rectification of Misconceptions Concerning the Nyingma School.” He responds to various charges against the authenticity of the Nyingma tradition and provides a discussion of the “Great Perfection” (dzogchen) view. He also explores the continuity of the Nyingmapa tradition and its impact on the other schools, the shortcomings of logical argumentation, prophecies found in the treasure tradition, and the relationship between the Nyingmapa and the “pre-Buddhist” tradition of the Bonpo.

1. Dudjom Rinpoche, (bdud 'joms 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje). rnying ma'i bstan pa'i rnam gzhag. In gsung 'bum 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje, Vol. 2: 37 - 465. kalimpong: dupjung lama, 1979-1985.
2. _______. bdud 'joms chos 'byung. In gsung 'bum 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje, Vol. 1: 7 - 852. kalimpong: dupjung lama, 1979-1985.
3. TBRC W1KG3718-Bdud 'joms chos 'byung.pdf