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211 Source Texts

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252 Terms

Noun

'jog sgom

This is the meditation of directly observing the mind without engaging in any analytical or intellectual activity. (Thrangu Rinpoche, Transcending Ego, 102).

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Abbreviation

AA

Abhisamayālaṃkāra

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Abbreviation

AAvivṛti

Abhisamayālaṃkāravivṛti

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Abbreviation

AAvṛtti

Abhisamayālaṃkāravṛtti

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Abbreviation

AAĀ

Abhisamayālaṃkārālokā

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Noun

abhidharma

Abhidharma generally refers to the corpus of Buddhist texts which deals with the typological, phenomenological, metaphysical, and epistemological presentation of Buddhist concepts and teachings. The abhidharma teachings present a meta-knowledge of Buddhist sūtras through analytical and systemic schemas and are said to focus on developing wisdom among the three principles of training. The Abhidharma is presented alongside Sūtra and Vinaya as one of the three baskets of the teachings of the Buddha.

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Noun

actualized enlightenment

Actualized enlightenment is enlightenment that is attained through practice. It is contrasted with original enlightenment, which is the mind's innate purity in its natural state. Ultimately, there is no difference between them. Because of the presence of ignorance, sentient beings are blind to their true nature. By removing that ignorance, one actualizes enlightenment.

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Adjective

advaya

Literally, "without duality," it refers to that which is indivisible, in that it is not divided into two.

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Abbreviation

AK

Abhidharmakośakārikā

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Abbreviation

AKBh

Abhidharmakośabhāṣya

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Abbreviation

AKVy

Abhidharmakośavyākhyā

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Abbreviation

AkṣN

Akṣayamatinirdeśasūtra

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Noun

amalavijñāna

The ninth consciousness, the immaculate pure mind.

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Abbreviation

AMS

Aṅgulimālīyasūtra

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School

Anuyoga

The second set of the three inner tantras and the eighth of the nine vehicles according to the Nyingma tradition. Anuyoga includes many yogini tantras and focuses on the Completion Stage practices of sacred channels, energies and essential fluids and espouses the actualisation of empty bliss.

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Noun

anātman

The nonexistence of the self as a permanent, unchanging entity.

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Abbreviation

AOH

Acta Orientalia (Budapest)

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Abbreviation

AP

Asian Philosophy

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Noun

arhat

A person who has reached nirvāṇa by eliminating the three poisons of attachment, hatred and ignorance having followed the path of seeking individual liberation as a Śrāvaka or a Pratyekabuddha. An arhat, thus, is a person who has overcome the cause of rebirth in the cycle of existence and will not take an ordinary birth again.

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Abbreviation

ARIRIAB

Annual Report of The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University

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Abbreviation

AS

Asiatische Studien

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School

Atiyoga

A system of esoteric thought and practice associated with the Nyingma tradition and equivalent to Great Perfection, it is considered as the pinnacle of the nine vehicles or paths one can follow to reach Buddhahood. The system focusses on the pure, luminous and empty nature of the mind as the ground reality which must be realised through the path of trekchö and thögal practice.

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Abbreviation

AU

Amṛtakaṇikodyotanibandha

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Noun

avidyā

Literally "unknowing," it refers to a lack of knowledge or misunderstanding of the nature of reality. As such, it is considered to be the root cause of suffering and the basis for the arising of all other negative mental factors.

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Abbreviation

Aṣṭa

Aṣṭasāhasrikāprajñāpāramitā

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Abbreviation

BA

The Blue Annals

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Abbreviation

BA (Tib)

Deb ther sngon po

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Abbreviation

BCA

Bodhicaryāvatāra

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Abbreviation

BCAP

Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā

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Abbreviation

BCRD

The Buddhist Canons Research Database a project of the American Institute of Buddhist Studies (AIBS) and the Columbia University Center for Buddhist Studies (CCBS) http://databases.aibs.columbia.edu/

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Abbreviation

BDRC

Buddhist Digital Resource Center https://www.tbrc.org/

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Abbreviation

BEFEO

Bulletin d'École Française d'Extrême-Orient

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Abbreviation

BhK I

Bhāvanākrama I

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Abbreviation

BHSD

Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, Vol. 2

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Abbreviation

BHSG

Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, Vol. 1

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Noun

bhūmi

A plateau of spiritual development.

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Abbreviation

Bobh

Bodhisattvabhūmi

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Noun

bodhi

Enlightenment or awakening. In Tibetan it is translated as "purified" (byang) and "perfected" (chub), which corresponds to Siddhartha Gautama's achievement of purifying all obscurations and perfecting or attaining all qualities associated with a buddha.

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Noun

bodhicitta

The altruistic thought to seek enlightenment for the sake of all sentient beings. It is said to have two aspects: compassion aimed at sentient beings and their problems and the wisdom of enlightenment as the solution.

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Noun

bodhigarbha

An alternative term for tathāgatagarbha found in early Nyingma sources. Though it is back-translated as bodhigarbha, this term does not seem to be found in Sanskrit sources. However, in other contexts, the Tibetan byang chub snying po is often used to translate the Sanskrit term bodhimaṇḍa, which is often translated as the "seat of enlightenment."

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Noun

Bodhisattva

A person who seeks enlightenment for the sake of others. In Mahāyāna Buddhism, a Bodhisattva is a compassionate being who is training on the path to Buddhahood and aspires to eliminate the suffering of all beings and take all sentient beings to the state of enlightenment. The Mahāyāna sūtras including those on buddha-nature generally have Bodhisattvas as the main audience or interlocutors for the Buddha's discourses.

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Abbreviation

BPPB

Bibliotheca Philologica et Philosophica Buddhica

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Noun

Brahman

Brahman is the universal principle, supreme truth or ultimate reality in the Hindu religion considered to be absolute, eternal and blissful. A metaphysical concept, it is described as the single binding unity behind the diversity of all that exists. In Buddhism, while this metaphysical principle is not presented, one finds frequent mention of the deity named Brahmā, who is the personification of this principle.

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Abbreviation

BSOAS

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies

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Noun

buddhadhātu

A synonym for tathāgatagarbha widely used throughout the East Asian Buddhist traditions, as found in its translations as the Chinese term fó xìng and Japanese term busshō.

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Text

byams chos sde lnga

This refers to a series of five texts that, according to the Tibetan tradition, Asaṅga received directly from Maitreya in the pure realm of Tuṣita.

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Noun

bīja

A seed, commonly used figuratively in the sense of something which has the potential to develop or grow, and likewise as the basic cause for this development or growth.

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Abbreviation

CAJ

Central Asiatic Journal

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Abbreviation

Caturmudrā

Caturmudrāviniścaya

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Noun

Cittamātra

Though it is sometimes used synonymously with Yogācāra, it is in fact one of the more prominent philosophical theories associated with this school. It asserts that the objects in the external world with which we interact are actually mentally created representations appearing as those objects. The character of these perceptions is predetermined by our own karmic conditioning that is stored in the ālayavijñāna.

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